Robert Ward, Keith McCrea, Yuan Tian, Jim Yang, Shanger Wang, James Parakka, Nina Harjati and Rob Ward Thermoplastic Polycarbonate-urethane with Covalently-Bonded C-18 End Groups: Surface and Bulk Properties (PDF 520 Kb)

Keith McCrea, Robert Ward, Yuan Tian, Sallie Coviello, Nina Harjati, James Parakka, and Jim Yang Self Assembly of Surface Modifying End Groups™: Overcoming Limitations of SAMs Applied to Polymeric Medical Devices (PDF 525 Kb)

2002-2006

B. Ward, K. McCrea, Y. Tian, J. Yang, S. Wang, J. Parakka, R. Ward, and N. Harjati, Self Assembly of End Group Modifications in Polyurethanes (PDF 127 Kb), BioInterface Conference, 2006 Excellence in Surface Science Award, December 4 – 6, 2006, San Mateo, CA

R. Ward, Biomedical Polymers with Controlled Surface Properties: Synthesis, Characterization and Device Fabrication (PDF 93 Kb), 2006 PSE Symposium Polymers in Biomedicine & Pharmaceuticals, October 3 – 4, 2006, Amherst, Massachusetts

R. Ward, K. McCrea, Tailoring Polymer Surface Nanostructure with Surface Modifying End GroupsTM (SME™): Using SME™ to Create Polymer Surfaces with Covalently Bonded Self-Assembled Monolayers” (PDF 131 Kb), 20th European Conference on Biomaterials, September 27 – October 1, 2006, Nantes, France

R. Ward, K. McCrea, Y. Tian, J. Parakka and S. Wang, Use of Surface Modifying End Groups to Create Durable Self-Assembling Monolayers on Biomedical Polymers (PDF 128 Kb), 232nd ACS National Meeting & Expo, September 10 – 14, 2006, San Francisco

R. Ward, New Biostable Polymers for Orthopedic Devices: Application in Spinal Implants, OMTEC 2006 2nd Annual Orthopaedic Manufacturing & Technology Exposition & Conference, June 21-22, 2006, Rosemont, IL

R. Ward, K. McCrea, Y. Tian, and J. Parakka, Tailoring Polymer Surface Nanostructure with Surface Modifying End Groups (SME™): Using SME™ to Create Polymer Surface with Covalently Bonded Self-Assembled Monolayers, Society for Biomaterials, April 26 – 29, 2006, Pittsburg, PA

Robert S. Ward, Permeability Control in Dense Polymer Membranes: Structure-Property Relationships in Monolithic Breathable/Barrier Films, Medical Textiles, March 21 – 22, 2006, Greenville, South Carolina

O. Mermut, D.C. Phillips, R.L. York, K.R. McCrea, R. S. Ward and G. A. Somorjai, In Situ Adsorption Studies of a 14-Amino Acid Leucine-Lysine Peptide onto Hydrophobic Polystyrene and Hydrophilic Silica Surfaces Using Quartz Crystal Microbalance, Atomic Force Microscopy, and Sum Frequency Generation Vibrational Spectroscopy, J.Am. Chem. Soc., 2006, in press

Ward R, Anderson J, McVenes R and Stokes K, In Vivo Biostability of Polyether Polyurethanes with Fluropolymer and Polyethylene Oxide Surface Modifying Endgroups: Resistance to Metal Ion Oxidation (PDF 1.2 Mb), Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, 2006, in press

Ward R, Anderson J, McVenes R and Stokes K, In Vivo Biostability of Shore 55D Polyether Polyurethanes with and without Fluropolymer Surface Modifying Endgroups (PDF 1.4 Mb), Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, 2006, in press

Ward R, Anderson J, McVenes R and Stokes K, In Vivo Biostability of Polyether Polyurethanes with Fluoropolymer Surface Modifying Endgroups; Resistance to Biologic Oxidation and Stress Cracking (PDF 1.2 Mb), Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, 2006, in press

Robert S, Ward, Characterization of Biomedical Polymers with Surface Modifying End Groups, 4th University of California Symposium on Surface Science and Its Applications, February 9-10, 2006, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

Robert S. Ward, Control of Polymer Surface Composition and Nanostructure via Surface Modifying End Groups (PDF 202 Kb), Pacific Polymer Federation IX Conference, December 11 – 14, 2005, Maui Hawaii

Robert S. Ward, Polymers in Spinal Implants, MD&M Minneapolis 2005, November 1 – 3, 2005, Minneapolis

Robert S. Ward, Accelerated Degradation of Biomedical Polymers: SFG Analysis of Strained Polyurethane Elastomers (PDF 240 Kb), 4th Annual Polymers in Medicine and Biology, June 26 – 29, 2005, Sonoma

Robert S. Ward, The Chemistry and Technology of Biomedical Polyurethanes: Past, Present and Future (PDF 216 Kb), Frontiers in Biomedical Polymers Symposium, June 16 – 19, 2005, Granada, Spain

Robert S. Ward, Novel Structure and Reactor for Membrane Polymer Development, Engineering with Membranes: Medical and Biological Applications, May 15 – 18, 2005, Camogli, Italy

Ebert M, Ward R, Anderson J, McVenes R and Stokes K, In Vivo Biostability of Polyether Polyurethanes with Polyetheylene Oxide Surface-Modifying End Groups: Resistance to Biologic Oxidation and Stress Cracking (PDF 1.6 Mb), Journal of Biomedical Material Research, 2005

Ward R, Anderson J, Ebert M, McVenes R and Stokes K, In Vivo Biostability of Polysiloxane Polyether Polyurethanes: Resistance to Biologic Oxidation and Stress Cracking (PDF 1.6 Mb), Journal of Biomedical Material Research, 2005

Robert Ward, James Anderson, Mike Ebert, Rick McVenes, and Ken Stokes, In Vivo Biostability of Polysiloxane Polyether Polyurethanes: Resistance to Metal Ion Oxidation (PDF 1.6 Mb), Journal of Biomedical Material Research, May 2005

R. Ward, Y. Tian, K.White, K. McCrea, E. Christenson, J. Anderson, M. Ebert, and K. Stokes, Optimizing Silicone Content in Thermoplastic Silicone-Urethanes Used in Chronically-Implanted Medical Devices (PDF 133 Kb), Society for Biomaterials 30th Annual Meeting, April 27 – 30, 2005, Memphis, TN

McCrea K.R., Ward, R.S. , Y. Tian, Ebert, M., and Somorjai, G.A., Effect of Mechanical Stress on Surface Chemical Structure of Polyurethane Biomaterials Measured by SFG (PDF 106 Kb), Correlation to Biostability, Society for Biomaterials 30th Annual Meeting, April 27 – 30, 2005, Memphis, TN

Robert S. Ward, The Chemistry and Technology of Biomedical Polyurethanes: Past, Present and Future, Medical Textile Conference, March 22 – 24, 2005, Greenville, SC

R.S. Ward, K. McCrea and R.F. Ward, Surface Characterization of Novel Proton Exchange Membranes Made by Continous Casting, Fuel Cell Systems Asilomar Conference (PDF 197 Kb), February 20 – 23, 2005, Pacific Grove, CA

Robert S. Ward, Segmented Polyurethanes for Medical Applications: History, Present and Future, Medical Plastics 2004 (PDF 218 Kb), November 1-4, 2004, Copenhagen, Denmark

Robert Ward, Continuous Synthesis of Polyurethanes with Surface Modifying Endgroups (PDF 142 Kb), Polycondensation 2004, September 26-29, 2004, Roanoke, VA

Ward, R.S., McCrea, K.R., Tian, Y., Tanzi M.C., Use of SFG to Optimize a Polyurethane with Heparin Binding Sites Incorporated During Synthesis (PDF 107 Kb), 7th World Biomaterials Congress, May 17-21, 2004, Australia

McCrea, K.R., Ward, R.S., Tian, Y., Somorjai, G.A., Insight into Accelerated Degradation of Polymers: Surface Specific Analysis of Strained Polyurethane Materials (PDF 125 Kb), 7th World Biomaterials Congress, May 17-21, 2004, Australia

J.E. McGrath, W.L. Harrison, B. Einsla B. Pivovar, Y.S. Kim , A. Brink, H. Brink, and R.S. Ward, New PEM Membranes, Catalyst Layer Materials, and MEAs for DMFC-Based Portable Power Systems (PDF 106 Kb), DARPA Palm Power Review, February 10, 2004

R.S. Ward and K. McCrea, Study of Surface Modified Polymers by Sum Frequency Generation Vibrational Spectroscopy (PDF 94 Kb), Twenty-Seventh Asilomar Conference on Polymeric Materials, February 8-11, 2004, Pacific Grove, CA

Jacqueline A. Jones, Mahrokh Dadsetan, Terry O. Collier, Michael Ebert, Ken S. Stokes, Robert S. Ward, P. Anne Hiltner and James M. Anderson, Macrophage behavior on surface-modified polyurethanes (PDF 1.3 Mb), J. Biomaterial Science Polymer Edition, Vol 15, No. 5, pp. 567 - 584, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, January 21, 2004

E.M. Christenson, M.J. Wiggins, M. Dadestan, M. Ebert, K. Stokes, R. Ward, A. Hiltner, J.M. Anderson, New Oxidative Mechanism for the Biodegradation of Poly(carbonate urethanes), Institute of Pathology & Department of Macromolecular Science (PDF 137 Kb), Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland Ohio, 2003

M. Ebert, B. Ward, J. Anderson, Y. Tian, R. McVenes, K. Stokes, Screening of Polyurethanes with Polyether and Polysiloxane Soft Segments for Resistance to Environmental Stress Cracking, Institute of Pathology & Department of Macromolecular Science (PDF 160 Kb), Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland Ohio, 2003

M. Ebert, B. Ward, J. Anderson, Y. Tian, R. McVenes, K. Stokes, Environmental Stress Cracking Resistance of Polyether Polyurethanes with Fluorocarbon Surface Modifying Endgroups, Institute of Pathology & Department of Macromolecular Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland Ohio, 2003

M. Ebert, B. Ward, J. Anderson, Y. Tian, R. McVenes, K. Stokes, Chronic Environment Stress Cracking Resistance of Polyurethanes with Polyether and Polysiloxane Soft Segments, Institute of Pathology & Department of Macromolecular Science (PDF 125 Kb), Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland Ohio, 2003

K.R. McCrea, R.S. Ward, Y. Tian, S. Coviello, T. Harjati, and G.A. Somorjai, Surface Characterization of Segmented Polyurethanes with Stepwise-Variable Surface Chemistry: A Sum Frequency Generation Vibration Spectroscopy Study (PDF 100 Kb), , Society for Biomaterials 29th Annual Meeting Transactions, April 30 - May 3, 2003, Reno

K.A. White, R.S. Ward, Y. Tian, V. Stanciu, S. Wang, and J. Serpilio, Comparison of Batch and Continuous Synthesis of a Thermoplastic Polyurethane for Chronic Implants (PDF 110 Kb), Society for Biomaterials 29th Annual Meeting Transactions, April 30 – May 3, 2003, Reno

R.S. Ward, Y. Tian, S. Wang, K.A. White, V. Khoot, A. Ostrovsky and V. Stanciu, A Continuous Universal Reactor for Biomaterials Development and Manufacturing (PDF 125 Kb), Society for Biomaterials 29th Annual Meeting Transactions, April 30 – May 3, 2003, Reno

E. Amitay-Sadovsky, K. Komvopoulos, R. Ward, and G.A. Somorjai, Surface Reordering of Stretched Polyurethane Block Copolymer Films Studied by Sum Frequency Generation Vibrational Spectroscopy (PDF 1.1 Mb), The Journal of Physical Chemistry, Vol. 107, No. 26, pp.6377-6383, February 7, 2003, University of California, Berkeley

J.D. Patel, M. Ebert, K. Stokes, R.S. Ward, J. Anderson, Inhibition of bacterial and leukocyte adhesion under shear stress conditions by material surface chemistry (PDF 1.6 Mb), J. Biomaterial Sci. Polymer Edn, Vol. 14, No. 3, pp. 279-295, 2003, Cleveland, OH

R.S. Ward, K.R. McCrea, Y. Tian and G.A. Somorjai, High-Strength Smart Polymers: Control of Surface Molecular Architecture via Amphipathic End Groups, Polymers in Medicine and Biology: 2002, American Chemical Society Workshop, November 13-16, 2002, Rohnert Park, CA

E. Amitay-Sadovsky, K. Komvopoulos, R. Ward and G.A. Somorjai, Molecular Reordering of Polyurethanes Surfaces due to Cyclic Stretching, submitted to Phys. Rev. Letters, July 5, 2002 LBNL

E. Amitay-Sadovsky, K. Komvopoulos, R. Ward and G.A. Somorjai, Molecular Reordering at Surfaces of Stretched Polyurethane Films Studied by Sum Frequency Generation Vibrational Spectroscopy., July 5, 2002 LBNL

M. Ebert, R. McVenes, K. Stokes, R.S. Ward, J. Anderson, Biostable Silicone Polyurethane Copolymer Pacemaker Lead Insulation (PDF 110 Kb), 13th International Congress, June 19-22, 2002, Nice Acropolis, France

M. Ebert, R. McVenes, K. Stokes, J. Thompson, R.S. Ward, J. Jones, J. Patel, J. Anderson, Modifying Cell Adhesion to Polyurethane Lead Insulation (PDF 60 Kb), 13th International Congress, June 19-22, 2002, Nice Acropolis, France

E.M. Christiansen, M. Dadsetan, M.J. Wiggins, M. Ebert, R.S. Ward, A. Hiltner, and J. Anderson, The Effect of Silicone on the Biostability of Poly(etherurethane), The 28th Annual Meeting of the Society for Biomaterials, April 24-27, 2002, Tampa, Florida

R.S. Ward, Y. Tian, and J. Serpilio, Low Modulus, Biostable, Thermoplastic Silicone Polyurethanes as Alternatives to Silicone Rubber (PDF 143 Kb), The 28th Annual Meeting of the Society for Biomaterials, April 24-27, 2002, Tampa, Florida

J.D. Patel, M. Ebert, R.S. Ward, and J.M. Anderson, Effects of SME™ Surface Chemistry and Shear Stress on Bacterial and Neutrophil Adhesion (PDF 116 Kb), The 28th Annual Meeting of the Society for Biomaterials, April 24-27, 2002, Tampa, Florida

K.A. White, R.S. Ward, V. Stanciu, and J. Serpilio, An Implantable Replacement Biomaterial for Pellethane 2363 (PDF 106 Kb), The 28th Annual Meeting of the Society for Biomaterials, April 24-27, 2002, Tampa, Florida

M. Ebert, K. Stokes, R. McVenes, R.S. Ward, and J.M. Anderson, Biostable Polyurethane Silicone Copolymers for Pacemaker Lead Insulation (PDF 110 Kb), The 28th Annual Meeting of the Society for Biomaterials, April 24-27, 2002, Tampa, Florida

J.A. Jones, D.E. Soranno, T.O. Collier, J.M. Anderson, M. Ebert, K. Stokes, and R.S. Ward, Effects of Polyurethanes with SME™ on Fibroblast Adhesion and Proliferation and Monocyte and Macrophage Adhesion (PDF 117 Kb), The 28th Annual Meeting of the Society for Biomaterials, April 24-27, 2002, Tampa, Florida

M. Ebert, K. Stokes, R. McVenes, R.S. Ward, and J.M. Anderson, Polyurethane Lead Insulation Improvements using Surface Modifying Endgroups (PDF 178 Kb), The 28th Annual Meeting of the Society for Biomaterials, April 24-27, 2002, Tampa, Florida

K.A. White and R.S. Ward, Softenable, Shape-Memory Thermoplastics for Biomedical Applications (PDF 110 Kb), The 28th Annual Meeting of the Society for Biomaterials, April 24-27, 2002, Tampa, Florida

E. Amitay-Sadovsky, K. Komvopoulos, Y. Tian, G.A. Somorjai, Correlation of Surface Molecular Composition to Nanoscale Eleastic Behavior and Topography of stretched Polyurethane Films, Appl. Phys. Lett. 80, 2002, LBNL

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2000-2001

G.A. Somorjai and K. McCrea, Roadmap for Catalysis Science in the 21st Century: A Personal View of Building the Future on Past and Present Accomplishments,Applied Catalysis A: General 222, 2001 LBNL

K. McCrea, J. S. Parker, P.Chen, G.A. Somorjai, Surface Structure Sensitivity of High-Pressure CO Dissociation on PT(557), Pt(100) and Pt(111) Using Sum Frequency Generation Surface Vibrational Spectroscopy, Surf. Sci, 2001, LBNL

B. Mailhot, K. Komvopoulos, B. Ward, Y. Tian, and G. A. Somorjai, Mechanical and Friction Properties of Thermoplastic Polyurethanes Determined by Scanning Force Microscopy, J. Appl, Phys. 89, 2001, LBNL

K.R. McCrea, J.S. Parker, G.A. Somorjai, The Role of Carbon Deposition from CO Dissociation on Platnium Crystal Surfaces During Catalytic CO Oxidation: Effects on Turnover Rate, Ignition Temperature, and Vibrational Spectra, submitted to J. Phys Chem, December 17, 2001 LBNL

K. McCrea, J. Parker, G. A. Somorjai, High-Pressure CO Dissociation and CO Oxidation Studies on Platnium Single Cyrstal Surfaces Using Sum Frequency Generation Surface Vibrational Spectroscopy, submitted to Topics in Catalysis, 2001, LBNL

R.S. Ward, Tailoring the Physical Properties and Permeability of Dense Membranes for Medical Applications, Medical Design & Manufacturing 2001, October 16-18, 2001, Minneapolis, MN

R.S. Ward, Thermoplastic Silicone-Polyurethane Copolymers for Medical Devices and Prosthetic Implants (PDF 840 Kb), Medical Design & Manufacturing 2001, October 16-18, 2001, Minneapolis, MN

Z. Chen, R.S. Ward, Y. Tian, F. Malizia, D. Gracias, Y.R. Shen, G. Somorjai, Interaction of fibrinogen with surfaces of end-group-modified polyurethane's: A surface-specific sum-frequency-generation vibrational spectroscopy study, University of California at Berkeley, September 2001

R.S. Ward, Y. Tian, and K. White, Block Copolymers with Surface Modifying End Groups: Tailoring Surface and Bulk Properties for Medical Implants (PDF 441 Kb), Fourth International Symposium on Frontiers in Biomedical Polymers, May 16-19, 2001, Williamsburg, VA

R.S. Ward, Thermoplastic Silicone-Urethane Copolymer Elastomers: Medical Applications, Performance Elastomers 2001, May 14-15, 2001, Cleveland, OH

R.S. Ward, C. Nguyen, D. Prewett, J. Serpilio, Y. Tian, and K. White, Processing Thermoplastic Polyurethanes for Use in Medical Devices: Time Dependence of Molecular Weight after Synthesis and its Effect on Chloroform Extrables (PDF 126 Kb), The 27th Annual Meeting of the Society for Biomaterials, April 25-29, 2001, St. Paul, Minnesota

K.A. White, R.S. Ward, D. Prewett, J. Serpilio, P. Ascano, and H. Le, Processing Thermoplastic Polyurethanes for Use in Medical Devices: The Effect of Moisture and Shear Rate, The 27th Annual Meeting of the Society for Biomaterials, April 25-29, 2001, St. Paul, Minnesota

K.R. McCrea, and G.A. Somorjai, SFG-Surface Vibrational Spectroscopy Studies of Structure Sensitivity and Insensitivity in Catalytic Reactions: Cyclohexane Dehydrogenation and Ethylene Hydrogenation on Pt(111) and Pt(100) Crystal Surfaces, J. Mol Catal. A 163, 2000, LBNL

K. McCrea and G.A. Somorjai, Sum Frequency Generation (SFG)-Surface Vibrational Spectroscopy Studies of Catalytic Reactions on Metal Single Crystal Surfaces,Adv. In Catalysis 45, 385-438, 2000, LBNL

Z. Chen, R.S. Ward, Y. Tian, S. Baldelli, Y-R. Shen, and G.A. Somorjai, Detection of Hydrophobic End-Groups on Polymer Surfaces by Sum-Frequency Generation Vibrational Spectroscopy (PDF 678 Kb), J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 1 22, 10615-10620.

R.S. Ward, Y. Tian, Q. Chen, C. Nguyen, and J. Serpilio, High-Strength, Optically Clear, Silicone-Urethane Thermoplastics for Biomedical Use: Bulk Properties, Sixth World Biomaterials Congress, Kamuela, HI, May 15-20, 2000.

R.S. Ward, Thermoplastic Silicone-Urethane Copolymers: A New Class of Biomedical Elastomers (PDF 1.3 Mb), Medical Device & Diagnostic Industry, Vol. 22, No. 4, 68-77, April 2000.

S. Hoffer, Z. Chen, A. Opdahl, R.S. Ward, Q. Chen, Y. Tian and G.A. Somorjai, Surface Studies on Polyurethane-Silicone Copolymers Using Sum-Frequency Generation Spectroscopy and Atomic-Force Microscopy (PDF 68 Kb), Abstract, American Chemistry Society 219th National Meeting, March 26-30, 2000, San Francisco.

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1998-1999

G.A. Somorjai, X. Su, K. McCrea and K. Rider, Molecular Surface Studies of Adsorption and Catalytic Reaction on Crystal (Pt, Rh) Surfaces under High Pressure Conditions (Atmospheres) using Sum Frequency Generation (SFG)- Surface Vibrational Spectroscopy and Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM) Study, Topics in Cat. 8, 23-24, 1999, LBNL

R.S. Ward, Y. Tian, Z. Chen and G.A. Somorjai, Environmentally Induced Surface Rearrangement of Polyurethanes using SFG, AFM, XPS, and Contact Angle Goniometry (PDF 115 Kb), The 25th Annual Meeting of the Society for Biomaterials, April 22-May 2, 1999, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.

H. Zhang and Y. Tian, Computational Modeling of Radical Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate (PDF 856 Kb), Computer Modeling and Simulation in Engineering, 1999, Vol. 4, No. 4

Z. Chen, R.S. Ward, Y. Tian, A.S. Eppler, Y.R. Shen, and G.A Somorjai, Surface Composition of Biopolymer Blends BioSpan-SP/Phenoxy and BioSpan-F/Phenoxy Observed with SFG, XPS, and Contact Angle Goniometry (PDF 797 Kb), J. Phys. Chem., 1999, 103 2935

R.S. Ward, Tailored Polyurethanes with Functional Blocks for Biomedical Applications (PDF 262 Kb), American Chemical Society Symposium "Contemporary Biomaterials Through Precise Control of Macromolecular Chemistry and Architecture," November 19-22, 1998, Williamsburg, Virginia.

R.S. Ward, Y. Tian, K. White, Improved Polymer Biostability Via Oligomeric End Groups Incorporated During Synthesis (PDF 315 Kb), 216th National Meeting for the American Chemical Society, August 23-27, 1998, Boston, Massachusetts.

D. Zhang, D. H. Gracias, R. Ward, M. Gauckler, Y. Tian, Y.R. Shen, and G.A. Somorjai, Surface Studies of Polymer Blends by Sum Frequency Vibrational Spectroscopy, Atomic Force Microscopy, and Contact Angle Goniometry (PDF 943 Kb). J. Phys. Chem., 1998, 102 6225

R.S. Ward, S. Coviello, D. Zhang, Y.R Shen and G.A Somorjai, Polymers with Stepwise-Variable Surface Chemistry: Comparison of IR+ Visible Sum Frequency Generation to Contact Angle Goniometry (PDF 130 Kb), The 24th Annual Meeting of the Society for Biomaterials, April 22-26, 1998, San Diego, California, USA.

K.A. White, R.S. Ward, J.T. Jacob, In Vivo Evaluation of Polyurethanes (PDF 118 Kb), The 24th Annual Meeting of the Society for Biomaterials, April 22-26, 1998, San Diego, California, USA.

R. S. Ward, Biomaterials—The Necessary Evil (PDF 55 Kb), Sixth Biennial Meeting of the International Society for Applied Cardiovascular Biology, March 5-7, 1998, Wildbad Kreuth (Munich), Germany.

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1996-1997

Zhang, D., Ward R.S., Shen, Y.R., Somorjai, G.A., Environment-Induced Surface Structural Changes of a Polymer: An in situ IR+Visible Sum Frequency Spectroscopic Study (PDF 114 Kb), J.Phys. Chem., 1997, 101, 9090

Wen, J., Somorjai, G., Lim, F., Ward, R.S., XPS Study of Surface Composition of a Segmented Polyurethane Block Copolymer (PDF 1.1 Mb), Macromolecules, 1997, 30 7206

R.S.Ward, F. Lim, K.A. White, J. Wen, D. Zhang and G.A. Somorjai., Use of Infrared-Visible Sum Frequency Generation to Characterize Surfaces of Segmented Polyurethanes with Surface-Modifying End Groups (PDF 135 Kb), The 23rd Annual Meeting of the Society for Biomaterials, April 30-May 4, 1997, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.

Ward, R. S., White, K.A., Sun, L.Y., Novel Surfaced Hydrogels Through Surface-Modifying End Groups, 8th Symposium on the Materials Science and Chemistry of Contact Lenses, September 25-27, 1996, New Orleans, LA.

Ward, R. S., Coviello, S., Gill, R.S., White, K.A., Bertolet, R.D., Surface Activity and Enhanced in vivo Biostability of a Segmented Polyetherurethane with Polydimethylsiloxane End Groups (PDF 206 Kb), 5th World Biomaterials Congress, May 29-June 2, 1996, Toronto, Canada.

R.S. Ward, Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering at The Polymer Technology Group, 5th World Biomaterials Congress, May 29-June 2, 1996, Toronto, Canada.

R.S. Ward, The Effect of Phase Separation and End Group Chemistry on the in vivo Biostability of Polyurethanes (PDF 69 Kb), 42nd Annual Conference of the American Society of Artificial Internal Organs, May 2-4, 1996, Washington, D.C.

K.A. White, R. S. Ward, Synthesis, Characterization, and Fabrication of Polyurethaneurea Reference Materials, 42nd Annual Conference of the American Society of Artificial Internal Organs, May 2-4, 1996, Washington, D.C.

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1994-1995

Ward, R.S., Modification of Polymer Surfaces by Surface Active End Groups Incorporated During Synthesis, 6th International Symposium on Chemically Modified Surfaces, June 19-21, 1995, San Jose, California, USA

Ward, R.S., White, K.A., Gill, R.S., Wolcott, C.A., Results Of Accelerated Ageing of BioSpan^® and Biomer^® Segmented Polyurethanes, American Society for Artificial Internal Organs 41st Annual Conference, May 4-6, 1995, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

Ward, R.S., Surface Modification Prior to Surface Formation: Control of Polymer Surface Properties via Bulk Composition, Medical Plastics and Biomaterials, Volume 2, Number 2, Spring 1995

White, K.A., Ward, R. S., Wolcott, C.A., Wong, K., Surface Modification of Segmented Polyurethaneureas Via Oligomeric End Groups Incorporated During Synthesis (PDF 436 Kb),The American Chemical Society Polymer Division Symposium, "Polymer Surface Modification For Biomedical Applications," April 2-5, 1995, Anaheim, California, USA.

Ward, R.S., White, K.A., Gill, R.S., Wolcott, C.A., Development Of Biostable Thermoplastic Polyurethanes With Oligomeric Polydimethylsiloxane End Groups, The 21st Meeting of the Society for Biomaterials, March 18-22, 1995, San Francisco, California, USA

Ward, R.S., White, K.A., Application of Chemical Engineering Principals to the Development and Manufacture of Cardiovascular Devices: Critical Biomaterials (PDF 78 Kb), American Institute of Chemical Engineers Annual Meeting, November 13-18, 1994, San Francisco, California, USA

White, K.A., Ward, R.S., Devaney, R.M., Softenable, Shape-Memory Thermoplastic for Use in Biomedical Devices, Eighth CIMTEC Forum on New Materials, June 29-July 4, 1994, Florence, Italy.

Ward, R.S., White, K.A., Development of a New Family of Polyurethaneurea Biomaterials (PDF 611 Kb), Eighth CIMTEC Forum on New Materials, June 29-July 4, 1994, Florence, Italy. (In Press)

Ward, R.S., White, K.A., Wang, A.Y., Wolcott, C.A., A Hybrid Artificial Pancreas With a Dense Polyurethane Membrane: Materials & Design Proceedings of the 40th Anniversary Meeting of the American Society for Artificial Internal Organs, April 14-16, 1994, San Francisco, CA.

Ward, R.S., White, K.A., Wolcott, C.A., Use of Oligomeric End-Groups To Modify Surface Properties of Biomedical Polymers (PDF 125 Kb), Transactions of the 20th Annual Meeting of the Society for Biomaterials, April 5-9, 1994, Boston, MA.

White, K.A., Ward, R.S., Wolcott, C.A., Development of a Polyurethaneurea Elastomer as a Replacement for Biomer^® (PDF 118 Kb), Transactions of the 20th Annual Meeting of the Society for Biomaterials, April 5-9, 1994, Boston, MA.

Wang, A.Y., Ward, R.S., White, K.A., Kuhn, R.S., Taylor, J.E., Design and Synthesis of Semipermeable, Non-Porous, Polyurethane Membranes for Tissue Engineering Journal of Cellular Biochemistry, Supplement 18C Wiley-Liss, Inc., New York, 1994.

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1992-1993

Ward, R.S., White, K.A., Wolcott, C.A., Thermoplastic Siloxane-Urethane Copolymer Development: BioSpan^® Segmented Polyurethane as a Replacement for Biomer^®, Proceedings of the AAMI Cardiovascular Science and Technology Conference ("The Contractors Conference"), December 10-12, 1993, Washington, D.C.

Wang, A.Y., Ward, R.S., White, K.A., Kuhn, R.W., Taylor, J.E., Aponte, G.W., Holehouse, E.L., Proliferation and Interactions of Several Cell Types Encapsulated Within Dense (Non-Porous) Protein-Permeable Membranes (PDF 416 Kb), Proceedings of Fall Meeting of the Materials Research Society, Boston, MA, November 29-December 3, 1993.

Ward, R.S., White, K.A., Wolcott, C.A., Wang, A.Y., Kuhn, R., Taylor, J. John, J., Development of a Hybrid Artificial Pancreas With Dense Polyurethane Membrane, ASAIO Journal, 1993, J.B. Lippincott, Vol. 39, No. 3

Ward, R.S., Kuhn, R., Development of a Dense-Membrane Hybrid Artificial Pancreas (PDF 893 Kb), Biomedical Engineering Society, October 16-18, 1992, Salt Lake City, UT

Ward, R.S., White, K.A., Kuhn, R., Berry, C., Toy, P., John, J., & Meade-Thayer, N., Immuno-Isolation Membrane for a Hybrid Artificial Pancreas (PDF 130 Kb), Fourth World Biomaterials Congress, April 24-28, 1992, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany April, 1992, 152

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1988-1991

Ward, R.S., White, K.A., Barrier Films That Breath (PDF 1.2 Mb), CHEMTECH, 1991, 21,(11), 670

Ward, R.S., Biomedical Applications of Polyurethane Elastomers (PDF 1.6 Mb), presented to the 137th Spring Technical Meeting of the ACS Rubber Division, Las Vegas, NV, May 29-June 1, 1990

Ward, R.S., Surface Modifying Additives for Biomedical Polymers (PDF 478 Kb), IEE Engng Med Biol Mag, 1989, Vol 8, 2

Ward, R.S., White, K.A., Yilgor, I., Thermoplastic Siloxane-Urethane Block Copolymers and Terpolymers for Biomedical Use (PDF 119 Kb), Transactions of The Third World Congress of Biomaterials , April 21-25, 1988, Kyoto, Japan

White, K.A., Ward, R.S., Yilgor, I., Synthesis and Characterization of Three Polyurethaneureas for Use as Primary Reference Materials (PDF 619 Kb), Transactions of The Third World Congress of Biomaterials, April 21-25,1988, Kyoto, Japan

Litwak, P., Ward, R.S., Robinson, A.J., Yilgor, I., Spatz, A., Development of a Small Diameter, Compliant, Vascular Prosthesis, Proceedings of the UCLA Symposium on Molecular and Cell biology, Workshop on Tissue Engineering, February 1988, Lake Tahoe, CA

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1986-1987

White, K.A., Ward, R.S., Softenable Shape-Memory Thermoplastics for Use in Biomedical Devices (PDF 347 Kb), Material Research Society, Biomedical Materials and Devices, November 30 - December 5, 1987, Boston, MA

Ward, R.S., White, K.A., Yilgor, I., Structural Factors Influencing the Rate of Migration and Reorganization of Siloxane-Containing, Surface-Modifying Polymeric Additives (PDF 96 Kb), An International Topical Workshop on Advances In Silicon-Based Polymer Science, Division of Polymer Chemistry, ACS, November 21-24, 1987, Makaha, Oahu, HI

Ward, R.S., Polymeric Materials and Their Applications (PDF 1.7 Kb), Frost and Sullivan First Annual Conference on Biomaterials: Product, Market, Application Opportunities and Challenges in the 1990s, October 7-8, 1987, San Diego, CA

Ward, R.S., Litwak, P., White, K.A., Robinson, J., Yilgor, I., Riffle, J.S., BPS-215M: A New Polyurethaneurea for Biomedical Devices: Development and In Vivo Testing in the Pierce-Donachy VAD (PDF 159 Kb), Transactions, 13th Annual Meeting of the Society for Biomaterials, June 3-7, 1987, New York, NY

Ward, R.S., Development of Monolithic Breathable Barrier Films for Disposable Products, Book of Papers, Association of the Nonwoven Fabrics Industry, May 18-21, 1987, Hilton Head, SC (Best Paper Award)

Farrar, D.J., Litwak, P., Lawson, J.H., Ward, R.S., White, K.A., Robinson, A.J., Rodvein, R., Hill, J.D., In Vivo Evaluation of a New Thromboresistant Polyurethane for Artificial Heart Blood Pumps (PDF 1.1 Mb), J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg , 1988 95 191-200

Ward, R.S., Structural Parameters Which Govern the Design of Polymers for Service in In Vivo Applications (PDF 96 Kb), Stanford University, High Performance Polymers Program, Stanford, CA, December 3-5, 1986

Ward, R. S., Critical and Emerging Issues in Biomaterials (PDF 261 Kb), Keynote Address, Proceedings of the IEEE/Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society 8th Annual Conference, Dallas-Forth Worth, TX, November 7-10, 1986

Yilgor, I., Yilgor, E., Spinu, M., Riffle, J.S., Ward, R. S., Synthesis of Hydroxyalkyl-Terminated Telechelic Polydimethylsiloxane Oligomers (PDF 312 Kb), Presented at the 5th Symposium International on Polymerization, Blois, France, June 22-26, 1986

Ward, R. S., White, K. A., Riffle, J. S., Yilgor, I., Contact Angle Hysteresis of Polymers Modified with Surface Active Amphipathic Polymeric Additives (PDF 54 Kb), Presented at the American Chemical Society's 8th Annual Rocky Mountain Regional Meeting, Denver, CO, June 8-10, 1986

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1984-1985

Ward, R. S., White, K. A., Riffle, J. S., Surface Modification of Biomedical Polymers by Surface-Active Multipolymer Additives: Comparison of Four Different Surface Analytical Methods (PDF 57 Kb), Presented at the American Chemical Society Annual Meeting, Chicago, IL, September 8-12, 1985

Ward, R. S., Softenable, Shape-Memory Thermoplastics for Biomedical Devices (PDF 928 Kb), Medical Device and Diagnostic Industry Magazine, 1985, 7, Number 8, pages 24-32

White, K. A., Ward, R. S., Riffle, J. S., Comparison of Aromatic and Aliphatic Polyetherurethanes for Biomedical Use: II. Results of Accelerated Biaxial Flex Testing at 37°C (PDF 122 Kb) , Transactions, 11th Annual Meeting of the Society for Biomaterials, San Diego, CA, April 25-28, 1985

Ward, R.S., White, K. A., Riffle, J. S., Thromboresistant, Radiopaque, Softenable Thermoplastic Catheter Compound with Shape-Memory Properties (PDF 100 Kb), Transactions, Second World Congress on Biomaterials, 10th Annual Meeting of the Society for Biomaterials, San Diego, CA, April 25-28, 1985

Riffle, J. S., Steckle, W. P., White, K. A., Ward, R. S., Polydimethylsiloxane-Poly (Caprolactone) Block Copolymers: Synthesis and Applications (PDF 198 Kb), Polymer Preprints, Volume 26, Number 1, pages 251-257. Presented at the American Chemical Society Meeting, April 1985

Ward, R. S., White, K. A. , Riffle, J. S., A Thromboresistant Silicone-Urethane Catheter Compound with 100 Fold Modulus Reduction Following Insertion (PDF 171 Kb),"Medical Device and Diagnostic Industry, 85 West Proceedings

Ward, R. S., Modes of Degradation In Biomedical Polyurethanes (PDF 155 Kb), Invited Presentation, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, September 19, 1984

Ward, R. S., White, K. A., Tsuchiyama, B. J., Calica, P.P., Procurement of (Polydimethylsiloxane) Primary Reference Materials, Comprehensive Report, June 1984, Contract No. N01-HV-9-2933, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute

Ward, R. S., White, K. A. , Riffle, J. S., Comparison of Aliphatic and Aromatic Polyetherurethanes for Biomedical Use I., By-Products of Thermal/Hydrolytic Degradation (PDF 125 Kb), Transactions, Second World Congress for Biomaterials in Washington, D.C., April 27-May 1, 1984

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1980-1983

Ward, R. S., White, K. A., Polymer Surfactants In Polymeric Solvents: Application To Biomaterials Development, Presented at the American Chemical Society Meeting, Division of Colloid and Surface Chemistry, Toronto, June 12-15, 1983

Ward, R. S., Litwak, P., Rodvien, R., Improved Blood Compatibility of Modified Thermoplastics, Transactions, First World Congress on Biomaterials, 8th Annual Meeting of the Society for Biomaterials, Orlando, FL, April 24-27, 1982

Litwak, P., Ward, R. S., Rodvien, R., Robinson, J., In vivo Evaluation of Modified Thermoplastic Polymers, Transactions, 8th Annual Meeting of the Society for Biomaterials, Orlando, FL, April 24-27, 1982

Hu, C. B., Ward, R. S., Schneider, N. S., A New Criterion of Phase Separation: The Effect Of Diamine Chain Extenders on the Properties of Polyurethaneureas, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Valume 27, pages 2167-2177, 1982

Hu, C. B., Ward, R. S., Schneider, N. S., A New Criterion of Phase Separation and Related Property Study of Segmented Polyurethanes, Polymer Preprints, 1981, 22, 2, 1981

Ward, R. S., O'Conner, K. A., Tsuchiyama, B. J., Interlaboratory Standards for Physicochemical and Biological Testing of Biomaterials, Trans. Am. Soc. Artificial Intern. Organs, Volume 27, 1981

Ashar, B., Ward, R. S., Turcotte, L., Development of A Silica-Free Silicone System for Medical Applications, Journal of Biomedical Materials and Research, Volume 15, pages 663-672, 1981

Ward, R. S., Procurement of Primary Reference Materials, Devices and Technology Branch, NHLBI Proceedings of Contractor's Conference, 1980

Ward, R. S., Development of Thermoplastics for Blood-Contacting Biomedical Devices, Presented at the 179th ACS National Meeting, Houston, TX, 1980, Coatings and Plastics Preprints, 42, 1980

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1975-1979

Ward, R. S., Procurement of Primary Reference Materials, Devices and Technology Branch, NHLBI Proceeding of Contractor's Conference, 1979

Nyilas, E., Ward, R. S., Production of Biomedical Polymers II: Processing Technology/Product Property Correlations of Hemocompatible Avcothane Elastomers, (PDF 3.8 Mb) Science and Technology of Polymer Processing M.I.T. , Press 1979

Ward, R.S., deBreuil, C., Production of Biomedical Polymers III. Instrumental Analysis to Assure Biocompatibility (PDF 600 Kb), Presented at the 23rd Annual ISA Analysis Instrumentation Symp., May 17-19, 1977, Charleston, WV and Mexico Automation, 1978 (Best Paper Award)

Nyilas, E., Ward, R. S., Development of Blood-Compatible Elastomers, v. Surface Structure and Blood Compatibility of Avcothane Elastomers, J of Biomed. Mater. Res. Symp., 1979

Ward, R. S., Nyilas, E., Production of Biomedical Polymers I. Silicone/Urethane Synergy In Avcothane Elastomers (PDF 600 Kb), Coatings and Plastics Preprints, 37, 1, 1977

Nyilas, E., Morton, W. A., Cummings, R. D., Ward, R. S., Development and Testing of Avcothane Cannulae Comprehensive Final Report, 1977

Ward, R. S., It Seemed Like A Natural, A New Technology For The Bioplastics Industry, Waters Associates Application Brochure, 1976

Nyilas, E., Ward, R. S., Development of Blood Compatible Elastomers v. Surface Structure and Blood Compatibility of Avcothane Elastomers (PDF 1.1 Mb), Polymer Preprints, 16, 1975

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